[Physics Practical] Maharashtra HSC 12th Board | Roshan Paswan
The higher secondary stage is the most crucial and challenging stage of school education because at this stage the general undifferentiated curriculum changes into a discipline-based, content area-oriented course. At this stage, students take up physics as a discipline, with the aim of pursuing their future careers either in basic sciences or in science-based professional courses like engineering, medicine, information technology etc.
Physics deals with the study of matter and energy associated with the inanimate as well as the animate world. Although all branches of science require experimentation, controlled laboratory experiments are of central importance in physics. The basic purpose of laboratory experiments in physics, in general, is to verify and validate the concepts, principles and hypotheses related to the physical phenomena. Only doing this does not help the learners become independent thinkers or investigate on their own. In view of this, laboratory work is very much required and encouraged in different ways.These may include not only doing experiments but investigate different facets involved in doing experiments. Many activities as well as project work will therefore ensure that the learners are able to construct and reconstruct their ideas on the basis of first hand experiences through investigation in the laboratory. Besides, learners will be able to integrate experimental work with theory which they are studying at higher secondary stage through their environment.
The history of science reveals that many significant discoveries have been made while carrying out experiments. In the growth of physics, experimental work is as important as the theoretical understanding of a phenomenon. Performing experiments by one’s own hands in a laboratory is important as it generates a feeling of direct involvement in the process of generating knowledge. Carrying out experiments in a laboratory personally and analysis of the data obtained also help in inculcating scientific temper, logical thinking, rational outlook, sense of self-confidence, ability to take initiative, objectivity, cooperative attitude, patience, self- reliance, perseverance, etc. Carrying out experiments also develop manipulative, observational and reporting skills.
0) What all we need for that experiment. What should the least count and ranges of the
instruments to be used. Which and how many observations are to be recorded. For example,
for a simple pendulum experiment to determine g, how should the bob be, what should the
lengths of the thread be, stop clock of which least count to be used, how to record the periodic
time, how many oscillations to be counted, etc.
2. Recording the observations: This is the actual process of data collection. It should be worked
of it. out as carefully and as meticulously as possible. Taking care for various types errors is part
3. Data analysis: Processing the observations with various calculations, approximations
(rounding off), graph/s and arriving at the result or conclusions refers to analysis part of an
experiment.
4.Error analysis: Even after taking utmost care, there is/are always some errors involved in the
recorded data. It is necessary to analyse the data by using statistical methods to know how
much uncertainty (variation) is possible. Accordingly, the result is to be submitted along with
the possible uncertainty. If the uncertainty is on higher side, quite often the experiment should
be repeated with proper modifications.
We have suggested some extensions to the experiments. Make it a point to work upon
those. The geometrical optics part needs more skills. Whenever you come across any measuring
instrument, always try to know its least count, range and any systematic error - if there. Always
take care of the safety measures, especially for electrical and heat experiments.
GENERAL INSTRUCTION
1. Complete minimum 12 experiments in academic year .
2. Complete minimum 7 Activities sin academic year.
3. After the experiment is alloted to you, read the backgound of the experiment.
4. Get familiar with the apparatus.
5. Draw the circuit diagram whenever required and assemble the circuit using necessary
components.
6. Properly note the readings so as to minimize parallax.
7. After you finish performing the experiment, turn off all the nobs of experiment.
8. Calculate the results with significant figures and also calculate the error in the result.
9. Students have to complete the figures, labling of the figures, observation tables,
calculations and conclusions / results themselves under the guidance of the teacher.
10. Answers to the multiple choice and open ended questions should be written only in
the space provided examination. The multiple choice and open ended questions are
important for written examinations.
Hello friends my name is Roshan Paswan and I am from India this is my first blogging website on blogger. And I am trying to provide a proper information about Tech and Science. Thankyou
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